ienE nqÿka Wmka foaYh Y%S ,xldjo @ tx.,ka;fha fl!;=ld.drhlska fy<sjQ ryis.; idlaIs ^iïmq¾K úia;rh& i;H l=ulao@ Tfí úuiqu ioyd
1848 Wmka yqya fkú,a ^Hugh Nevill & jhi 17 § ,xldjg meñfKkafka w.% úksiqre f.a fm!oa.,sl f,alï f,ih' tfia meñ”fuka miq Tyq ,xldfõ isáh ld,fha mßmd,k fiajfha f,aLlhl= njgo m;ajk w;r Èia;%slal úksYah ldrjrhl= f,i;a" Èidm;sf.a idyhl f,i;a fkdfhla ;k;=re bis,Sh' 1885 isg 1897 olajd ld,fha Tyq ,xldfõ mqiafld,fmd;a rdYshla tl;= lr.;a w;r iuyr mqiafld,fmd;a Tyq msgm;a lr.kakd ,§' fuu tl;=jg mqiafld, fmd;a 2227 la wvx.=fõ' fuu mqiafld, fmd;a j, ,xldfõ uOH;k hq.fha isg 19 jk ishji olajd úia;r we;=,;a fõ' fïjdfha idys;H" b;sydih" fn!oaO ikakhka" lú" iïm%odhsl l;d jia;=ka wvx.= fõ' 1897 wfma%,a udifha fkú,a m%xYfha§ ñhhkq ,nk w;r Tyq i;=j ;snq fuu mqiafld, fmd;a 1904 § n%s;dkH fl!;=ld.drh úiska ñ,§ f.k ;sfí' fïjd isxy,hkaf.a mqiafld,fmd;a tl;=j tfia ke;akï Hugh Nevill Collection lshd yÿkajkq ,efí' fuu isxy,hkaf.a mqiafld, fmd;a tl;=j iy ta wdY%s; uqo%s; fmd;a n%s;dkH fl!;=ld.drh úiska ia:dms; lr we;s w;r tu lghq;af;a ixj¾Okh ioyd n%s;dkH mqia;ld,ho odhl ù ;sfí'
fuu isxy,hkaf.a mqiafld,fmd;a ys wvx.= lreKq u.Ska oUÈj hkq bkaÈhdj fkdjk njg wmg fidhd.kakg yelshdj ,eî ;sfí' wfma bmeßKs uq;=ka ñ;af;da wfma rfÜ b;sydih .ek oek f.k isáh;a wo wfma fndfyda ñksiqka okafka ^úfYaIfhkau hg;a úð; hq.fha iy ta wdikakfha Wmka & iqÿ cd;sl fldâßkagka ,d idodÿka uxuq,d l, b;sydihhs'
fuu mqiafld, fmd;a f.dkafka 254 fjks wxlh ork mqiafld, fmdf;ys nqÿkajykafia msgÿka isß uy fndaêh ,xldfõ msysá njg ;yjqre lr fokq ,efí'
idr wikalhg msgÿka fnda
kEr fï ,xldfj jev isá fnda
udr hqfoka Èkjd ch.;a fnda
iry ;sfnk l, jeka÷ isß uy fnda
idr wikalhla nqÿkajykafia,dg msg§u ioyd tu ld,h uq¿,af,au fï fndaêh ,xldfõ jev isáh nj;a udr hqoaOfhka ch .kakg Wmldr l, jkaokdudk l, isß uyd fndaêh hkak oelafõ ' ishÆ nqÿka jykafia,d msg fok fndaëka jykafia,d tlu fnda uev lska ^tlu ia:dkhlska & cks; jk nj nqÿ oyfï mj;S' f,dal úkdihlska miqo h,s f,dalh ks¾udKh ù tu ia:dkfhka fuu nqÿka msg fok fndaêh mek kef.k nj;a oelafõ' tkï nqÿka jykafia,d msgfok fndaêh mGù kdNs tkï f,dalh ueo ^center of world & ys msysgk nj oelafõ' f,dalh ueo kï th iulfha fyda iulh wdikakfha rgl msysáh hq;=h'bkaÈhdfõ nqoaO .hdj msysáfha mGù kdNs j, fkdfõ' tfukau 1891 § nqoaO .hdfõ we;s fndaêfha .;a Phd rEm u.ska tu fndaêh jir 2000 lg jvd merKs ke;s b;d ,dnd, fndaêhla nj uekúka fmfka' tu fndaêh wef,laiekav¾ lkskayï úiska 1870 § muK isgjk ,o nj oelafõ' ^Relighting the Lamp by S ' Dhammika Thero' Australia &' ta wkqj kï bkaÈhdfõ nqoaO.hdfõ nqÿka msgÿka fndaêhla kï ke;af;auh'
nqÿkajykafia Wm; ,enqfõ uyd iïu; jxYfha nj wms oksuq' fuu mqiafld, fmd;a j, 438 kï mqia fld,fhka uydiïu; jxYh jQfha ,xldfõ nj oelafõ'iisß nr fï isß ,l" uyd iïu; rcq fkdfhl" Wmka nj jij;= oel" kiñ hk Wmd oel ke;sh úk fuf,il∙fï wkqj fï rfÜ uyd iïu; jxYh mej;S nj myod foa'
uyd mrdl%u ndyq rcf.a ikakia m;lo iq¾hdjoYslhka yd uyd iïu; rdc jxihg kElï lshkafka fï rfÜ ñksiqka nj oel .;yel2 jk .cnd rcq"uyd mrdl%undyq rc" l=rerg rcmqfrka meñfKkakka fõ' iqoaoka úiska bkaÈhdfõo l=re rg fmfoila fmkajd ;sfí' ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ fldrukav,a kñka yÿkajk fmfoi l=rerg f,i iqoaoka wdfoaY lrf.k ;sfí' ta wkqj wfma we;eï rcjreka ol=Kq bkaÈhdkqjka f.ka mej; tkakka f,io f.k ;sfí' kuq;a nqÿka WmkafoaYfha l=re rg msysáfha W;=reme;a;g fjkakh' tfy;a bkaÈhdfõ tu fmfoi we;af;a W;=ßka fkdj ol=fKks
tfukau 301 fjks mqiafld,fha nqÿka w;S;fha lf,l fy< niska oyï foiq njo myod foa'wm uqks rc lf,l" t¿ lr foiq oyful keK muKska fu oel" lshka moudkjl cd;l' jdikdjg t¿ NdIdj fyj;a fy< NdIdj bkaÈhdjg whs;s jqjla fkdj fï fy<fha Wreuhla muKs hg;a úð; hq.fha bx.%Siska úiska wmg lshdÿka wdldrhg fy, NdIdj bkaÈhdkq NdId fjka ì§ wd tlla fkdfõ' oekg wefußldfõ kdid wdhd;kh u.ska lrk ,o mÍlaIdk j,g wkqj f,dalfha bmßksu NdIdjla f,i fy< NdIdj yÿkd f.k ;sfí'
fï merKs m;a brE w;r mrdl%u ndyq rc oji isoajq mqj;la fufia úia;r lrkq ,efí' rdu[a[ rg ^nqreufha fldgila& iy wfma rg fn!oaO rgj,a jk neúka È.= l,la ;siafia ñ;=rka ù isg ;sfí' ,la§fjka .sh lsishï mqoa.,hl= lshk ,o fla,ula ksid forg w;r ñ;%;ajh mÆÿ úh' trgg ,la§fjka .sh fjf<ka¥kag we;=ka úls”u iïnkaOfhka fkdfhla iSud mekjQ rdu[a[ rg wfma rfÜ fj<ÿkag we;=ka idudkH uqo,fuka fo.=Khlska fyda ;=ka.=Khlska úl=Kk fuka trg jeishkag wK § ;sfí' ,la§fjka hjk ,o ÿ;hka i;= foa meyr f.k ÿ;hkaf.a mdoj,g fuda,a.ia j,ska .id Tjqka ysrf.or nr jevg fhdod ;sfí' tfukau oUÈj ldYHm kï mreuljrhl= tjk ,o rka ikakia iy mඬqre f.k .sh ÿ;hkag f.dv niskakg fkd§ tu ikakia iy mඬqre kskaod wmjdo fldg miqj tajd rcq úiska Tyqf.a kqjrg f.kajd f.k ;sfí' bka miq kej; ,laÈfjka .sh ÿ;hkag neK je§ ñka miq isy, foaYfhka keõ fuys fkdmeñKsh hq;= nj;a tjk ,enqj fyd;a tu tjk ÿ;hka w,a,d urd oeuqjdg lula ke;s hhs lshd ,shqula tu ÿ;hka f.ka w;aika lr f.k ;sfí' fï wkqj isy, §mfha ,laÈjla fukau oUÈjlao ;snq nj fmfka' fï rfÜ ñksiqka iu. wukdm ù bkaÈhdfõ ñksiqkag ysxid lrkakg ;rï rdu[a[ rg rcqg wjYH ke;' tfukau isy, §mh hkq bkaÈhdj fkdfõ' ta wkqj wfma §mfha oUÈj kñkao fmfoila jQ nj jegfya'
tfukau l%s'j 1250 )1285 olajd md,kh l, fojeks mrdl%u ndyq rc ;=ud oUÈúka ishÆ fn!oaO fmd; m; f.kajd NslaIqkajykafia,d oekqñka Tijd ;enQ nj;a" ;ukaf.a ifydaor nqjkl ndyq l=udrhd ;%smsgl úYdrohl= l, nj;a oelafõ' oUÈj hkq bkaÈhdj kï 13 jk ishjfia bkaÈhdfjka ;%smsgl .%ka: f.kaùu úysÆjg n÷ka jk lreKls'
.dñ” wNh l=udrhd rejkaje,s iehg uq,a ., msysgjkakg fmr Èk ix>hd le|jd miq Èk uyd iEhg uq,a ., ;nk nj mjid ishÆ ix>hd jykafia,dg iy ck;djg t;kg /iajk f,i wdrdOkd lrk ,§' miqÈk fuu lghq;a; ioyd oyia ixLHd; NslaIqkajykafia,d" rc.y kqjßkao" bism;kdrdufhkao" f–;jk úydrfhkao" úYd, uykqjr uyd jkfhkao" fldfidnE kqjßkao" me<Æma kqjßkao" fndau¿ fjfyßkao" jkjdi foaYfhkao" Wfoaks kqjr .sß úydrfhkao " w,ikaod kqjßkao" m,a,jfNda.a. ckmofhkao wd§ jYfhka meñKs nj oelafõ'
fï isoaëka ukdj f;areï lr .kakg n%s;dkH rdclSh kS;sfõÈhl= jQ Henry Charles úiska 1850 § ,shk ,o Ceylon and The Cingalese fmd;o WmldÍ fõ' fuys 301 jk msgqfõ ms<su;,dfõ wêldrï úiska idlÉpdjla ioyd fckrd,a uelafvdj,a oUÈjg le|jk w;r oUÈj msysáfha fld<U isg kef.kysrg ie;mqï 57 la muK ÿßka nj;a oUÈj fmr rdc lShkaf.a jdi NQñhla f,i;a oelafõ' uq,a hq.fha f,dl= m%foaYhla lrd me;sÍ ;snq oUÈj miqj flfuka l=vd fmfoila olajd fYaI ù f.dia we;s njla fmfka'
Hugh Nevill mqia fld,fmd;a tl;=fõ 98 fjks mqia fld,fhao fufia olajd ;sfí'
;:d f;ix j;a:qkduqmam;s fid úOd Njka;s cïnq§fm isy,Èfm pd;s' ;:d cïnqÈfma ;d,sid isy,Èfm f; i;a:s' f;iqpd cïnqÈmqm;a;s j;a:qks wms Núiai;s '
fuhska fmkajd fokq ,nkafkao fuu oaùmfha cïnqoaùm kñ fldgila ;snqKq nj fkdfõo@ fuys cïnqoaùmh iys; isy,§mfha we;s l;d jia;+ka 103 wh;afõ' tys l;djia;=ka 40 la cïnq§mhg wod< fldgig;a" jk w;r b;sß tajd bka neyer isy, §mfha l;d jia;=kah' tfy;a wjdikdjg iqoafoda bkaÈhdjg cïnqoaùm f,i wdfoaY lr .;a ksid fu;k§o bkaÈhdj f,i f.k ;sfí' ks,a mdg lkakdä me<| .;a whg uq¿ f,dju ks,a mdáka fmfka' fld<" r;=" oï wdÈ mdfgka me<| .;a whg fmfkkafkao tf,ih'iqoafoda lshd ÿka fohska neyerj is;kakg mq¿jka lula ke;' tl w;lg fuh mqÿu úh hq;= fohla fkdfõ' fy,hdg b;sß jQ wka;su rdcOdksh jQ lkao Wvrg nkafoaishl ;shd iqoaokag ;E.S l, wukhka isáh rgl" jy,a Wkaudofhka fmf,k ñksiqka ckaufhkau furgg odhdoùu mqÿu úh hq;a;la fkdfõ'
Hugh Nevill mqia fld,fmd;a tl;=fõ 98 fjks mqia fld,fhao fujka úia;rhla tl;= lr ;sfí'
iaÍ ,kaflaiajrjQ W;=ï fojkm;siai foajiajdñÿrejdkka jykafia il%foafõkao% ,S,dfjka rdcHiaßhj lr jodrk m%ia;djg" oUÈúka jeäh" ikrka.fhkao" oi wgl=,jdiskaf.kao" lgqj wd wh w;=ßka Túámdk ysá nKavdrg kskao.ka y;la ,eî ;sfnk m%ia;djg" Túámdk ysá nKavdr úiska " wgqfmd, lshk fï wvúh wiajoao f.j;= ;kd wgqfmd, hk ku lshñka fuu .u Nqls;s ú|f.k tk m%ia;djg" mrx.s fyajdlka rgg meñkqkdh'
fuu mqj; fojk rdcisxy rc hq.hg wh;a tlls fuys ,xld§mfha rcj isá foajdkï msh;siai rcf.a hq.fha oUÈúka meñKs oi wg l=, jxYfhka meñKsh w;=frka Túámdfka ysá nKavdrg kskao.ï 7 ,eî ;snqkq nj;a oelafõ" nKavdr,d mrïmrdjka bkaÈhdfjka wd wh kï fkdj fï isy,fha ñksiqkah'
fï ñksiqka f.kdfõ foajdkï msh;siai hq.fha§ fn!oaO fjfyr úydr we;=¿ fkdfhla bÈlsÍï ioyd hhs oelafõ' fï msßia wdfõ bkaÈhdfjka kï wfma fn!oaO isoaOia:dk bkaÈhdfõ fn!oaO isoaOia:dk fuka yskaÿ fldaú,a j, iajremh .; hq;=h' tfukau Tjqka bÈl,dla fuka .fvd,ska fuu isoaOia:dk bÈúh hq;=h' tfy;a fï rfÜ uq,a hq.fha isoaOia:dk bÈù we;af;a l¿ .,a moï lrh' .fvd,ska isoaOia:dk yeÿ ck fldÜgdYhla ,xldjg meñK l¿ .,ska isoaOia:dk bÈlsÍu ioyd Wmfoia §u úYajdi l, fkdyelalls'
bmeßKs úia;r j,g wkqj Wrefõ,dj" Wrefj, okõj" Wrefj,a uvq,a," Wrefj,a uyd jej" kd,kaodj" nqÿkajykafia mßks¾jdK ioyd l=iskdrdjg .uka l, u.§ yuqfjk " fldaá.u" yia;s.u" nKavd.u jeks .ïo wd§ fn!oaO b;sydifha tk fndfyda ia:dk fuys ;snq njg fidhd .; yels fõ' Ôjudk nqÿka oji úia;rjk iuqoao.sß" wïnyÜg mín;" ud;=,.sß" ul=,drdu" jeks fmfoia ys nqÿka oji mqkak uyd f;rKqfjda.uka l, fmfoiah'reyqKq rg nqÿ oyfï Wkak;sh fjkqfjka Wkajykafia fndfyda fiajhla lr ;sfí'tfukau fï rfÜ m%foaY rÜg" fyj;a rg f,i fnod fjka lr ;nd we;s w;r WodyrK f,i okõjd rg".sßnd rg"l÷re rg" f.dak rg" l=rekaÈ rg" m§ rg" u,h rg" l=rerg" l¿.,afnd, rg wd§ fndfyduhla fõ' id;d.sß" k.r .sß" ð;.sß",xld.sß" udrd.sß jeks kïo mqoa., kdu w;r fõ' rg fyj;a rÜg f,i yÿkajd we;s fmfoia fndfyduhla uyd uql,dk j,ska jgù ;sî we;s w;r fuu uql,dk yeÈkaùu i|yd ysuh" ysuj;' ysujkaf;d" ysu.sr jeks jpk fhdod ;sfí' fn!oaO b;sydifha ioyka jk fuu jpk j,g iqoaoka úiska hg;a úð; hq.fha ysud,h f,i mßj¾;kh lr wdfoaY lrf.k ;sfí' tneúka iqoaoka úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,o nqÿka Wmka foaYhg ysud,hlao ;sfí'fuu mqiafld, fmd;a mqrdjg fï rfÜ ñksiqka Yl% foù flfkl= .ek ioyka lr;;a" merKs bkaÈhdkq fmd;a m;a j, Yl% foù flfkl= bkaÈhdkqjka weoyq njg idlals ke;af;ah" Tjqkaf.a uq¿ b;sydih mqrdjgu we;af;a f,dalh ujq uyd n%yauhl=" iy úIaKq wj;dr" Ysj" n.j;a .S;d jeks kduh'
oUÈj muKla fkdj" oU hk kñka wdrïNjk oU fld< mgqk" oUfld< .u" oUfld< jej" oUfld< f,k" oUfld< fjfyr" oUfoKsh" oU .i wd§ fndfyda kduhka fuu merKs mqia fld< fmd;a mqrdjg ,shù ;snqk;a oU kñka jpkhla ke;s oU hk kduh j;a y÷kkafka ke;s bkaÈhdjg oUÈj lshd ,shd .ekSu jy,a Wkaudohg ,lajQ ñksiqkaf.a ckau .; Wreuhla ñi wka ljrlo@
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